Learning and memory formation involve long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength. A fundamental feature of LTP induction in the brain is the need for coincident pre- and postsynaptic activity.

Neurostimulation is the application of precise targeted electrical stimulation on nociceptive pathways. Electric stimulation has a long history in medicine for treating various ailments. Beyond the ...

At the bedside examination, neuropathic pain can been distinguished from spontaneous pain, (i.e., stimulus independent) and provoked pain. [70] Spontaneous pain can have several different qualities.

Researchers from the National Institute for Physiological Sciences/the Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS) in Japan identified a TRPA1 stimulant acts as a novel insect ...

Sites of action of opioids for pain relief include the brain (cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, locus coeruleus, amygdala, and periaqueductal gray matter), spinal cord, and peripheral-nerve membrane.

There is a largely arbitrary transition between ‘acute’ and ‘chronic’ pain, with temporal cut-offs after which point acute pain becomes chronic pain. Thus, an understanding of the cellular mechanisms ...

Researchers at UC Santa Barbara identified a pain pathway in fruit flies that reduces the sensation of pain from heat. The researchers discovered that just a single neuron on each side of the animal’s ...

Fear memories can form in the brain following exposure to threatening situations such as natural disasters, accidents, or violence. When these memories become excessive or distorted, they can lead to ...

Researchers found that a Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) A1 stimulant, 2-methylthiazoline (2MT), act as a potent insect repellent in Drosophila. 2MT induces aversive behaviors via olfactory, ...