Calculating variance is easy using Python. Before diving into the Python code, I’ll first explain what variance is and how you can calculate it. By the end of this tutorial you’ll have a ...

Learn how to calculate Value at Risk (VaR) to effectively assess financial risks in portfolios, using historical, variance-covariance, and Monte Carlo methods.

Learn about the value at risk (VaR) and how to calculate it for an investment portfolio.

We study bounds on the Value-at-Risk (VaR) of a portfolio when besides the marginal distributions of the components its variance is also known, a situation that is of considerable interest in risk ...

A new model for financial returns with time varying variance, skewness and kurtosis based on the Normal Inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution is proposed. The new model and two previously suggested NIG ...