Any patient who smokes one or more cigarettes per day will be considered an active smoker. The criteria for the diagnosis of COPD is a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of < 70% (absolute value).

North Lanarkshire has the third most active smokers in Britain. Research conducted by nicotinepouches.net analysed Tesco.com to reveal the average cost of a pack of cigarettes in 2024. The cost of ...

Most of these regions have been previously linked to direct exposure to tobacco in active smokers or during pregnancy. Additionally, six of these regions were associated with diseases for which ...

This is a multicentre, open-label, randomized clinical trial. Study subjects are active smokers older than 40 years of age with a more than 10 pack-year history who have not been diagnosed with ...