The Third UN Conference on LLDCs adopted the Awaza Programme of Action for the Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade 2024-2034 (APoA). This document represents a renewed and action-oriented ...

Third United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDC3) The Third UN Conference on LLDCs, which took place in Awaza, Turkmenistan from 5-8 August 2025, brought together global ...

An Executive Order [1] late on 31 July brought a measure of certainty to the fast-paced and continuously evolving US trade policy, especially insofar as it relates to the country’s new tariff regime.

The realisation of a single, integrated African market in financial services hinges on the effective implementation of the emerging regulatory framework for financial services and the existing ...

In 2023, Tanzanian sisal fibre producers started to export under the AfCFTA’s Guided Trade Initiative (GTI). This Trade Brief highlights the initial challenges faced by Tanzanian sisal fibre exporters ...

The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) is set to expire in less than seven months: at the end of September 2025, marking 25 years of deepening political and economic relations during which time ...

This report explores Africa’s trade in environmental goods, emphasising its role in economic diversification and sustainable energy transition. It highlights opportunities for the continent to ...

In November 2023, following the conclusion of the annual AGOA Forum in South Africa, US Senator Chris Coons (Democrat - Delaware) circulated a first discussion draft of legislation to extend the term ...

As the drive to achieve net zero intensifies, the demand for critical minerals, essential inputs in many low-carbon technologies, is expected to grow exponentially. The global energy transition ...

Rules of Origin (RoO) are the administrative rules and criteria used to determine the origin status of products that are traded across borders. This is an important consideration in trade, as ...

Algeria is a member of the GAFTA, a free trade area that consists of 14 members spanning North Africa and the Middle East. While it is not an African regional economic community, Algeria’s GAFTA ...